Lightning, as a strong electromagnetic pulse phenomenon in nature, poses a significant threat to the power distribution system. The overvoltage generated by it can invade the lighting electrical ready board through power supply lines, metal pipelines, and other means, causing equipment damage and even triggering fires. Building a multi-level protection system is the key to ensuring electrical safety:

External lightning protection system: Install lightning rods (belts) in accordance with regulations on the high ground of buildings, and their protection range should cover the area where the lighting electrical ready board is located. The down conductor adopts galvanized flat steel or copper bars to ensure the safe leakage of lightning current into the grounding device. The grounding resistance value should be strictly controlled below 4 Ω, and measures such as soil replacement or adding resistance reducing agents should be taken in areas with high soil resistivity.

Equipotential bonding network: Conductors such as the metal casing of the lighting electrical ready board, incoming steel pipes, and cable metal shielding layers are equipotentially bonded through copper braided tape to form the Faraday cage effect, effectively balancing potential differences and reducing the impact of lightning induced voltage on internal components.

Surge protective device (SPD) configuration: Install a Class I SPD at the main incoming line of the lighting electrical ready board, with a working voltage not less than 1.5 times the system nominal voltage; Install Level II SPD on theelectrical ready board for separate lighting, with a response time of ≤ 25ns. Key protection should be given to sensitive equipment such as LED driver power supply, and the nominal discharge current value of SPD should match the impact resistance of the equipment.

Shielding and isolation measures: Metal armored cables or galvanized steel pipes are used for laying, and the pipe openings need to be sealed. The signal line uses optical fibers or is equipped with signal SPDs to prevent lightning waves from entering through the control circuit.

Intelligent monitoring and operation: Configure a lightning monitoring system to record lightning parameters, regularly check the status of SPD degradation indicator windows and grounding devices. Conduct preventive tests before thunderstorm season to ensure effective operation of protective devices.

By constructing a three-dimensional protection system of "external lightning protection internal shielding graded voltage limiting", the risk of lightning disasters can be significantly reduced, providing reliable protection for lighting systems.